Silybum marianum is an annual or biennial herb that ranges from 2-6 ft. (0.6-1.8 m) in height.
Foliage
Leaves have shiny, green upper surfaces and are noticeably variegated with white markings. Basal leaves are 6-28 in. (15.2-71.1 cm) long with spiny margins. Much smaller stem leaves clasp the stem.
Flowers
Purple thistle flower heads develop at the apex of the stems. They are 0.8-2.5 in. (2-6.4 cm) in diameter at the base and are enclosed in a projecting, spiny involucre. Flowers from April to July.
Fruit
Fruit are black and brown achenes that are about 0.3 in. (0.85 cm) long, slightly flattened with a ring of bristles at the apex.
Ecological Threat
S. marianum invades roadsides, ditches, disturbed areas and fertile fields. It is native to the Mediterranean region. S. marianum can be poisonous to livestock, especially during periods of wilt from drought, mowing or herbicide treatment.