English holly
Ilex aquifolium L.
- Appearance
- Ilex aquifolium is a large evergreen tree or shrub that can grow from 15-50 ft. (4.6-15.2 m) tall. Bark is smooth and can be grey to black in color.
- Foliage
- Leaves are alternate, thick, dark green, glossy, wavy, 1-3 in. (2.5-7.6 cm) long with sharp stout spines.
- Flowers
- Flowers are small, white, fragrant, and found in clusters. The blooming period occurs in late Spring and early summer from May to June.
- Fruit
- The berries are bright red to orange and yellow in color and 0.31 in. (8 mm) across. Each berry contains 4 seeds. Fruit ripens from August to October.
- Ecological Threat
- Ilex aquifolium can grow in shaded or sunny areas and is often found in forests. It is native to south and central Europe.
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